The only way for contemplation to work

Aristotle comes to the conclusion in Book X the contemplation is the highest form of happiness. Contemplation is an entirely complete way of thinking while also being fully active in that thought. Contemplation is fixed on a single thought that is continuously the same. Aristotle even says that all pleasures are directed toward this act of contemplation and that people will “live with a view toward living in accord with the most powerful thing in oneself” (1178a). Considering all of this and really thinking about all that goes into contemplation (denying yourself of pleasures, temptations from desires, etc.) and the fact that “nature is not self-sufficient for contemplation” (1178b 30), I wondered, how is this possible to master?

Aristotle addresses this concern when he states, “it is necessary for the soul of the listener to have been worked on beforehand by means of habits” (1179b 20), and “to arrange for rearing and exercises by laws” (1180a). This does not just mean rearing in childhood, but even throughout adulthood (hence laws in the city). The reason why this may be controversial is because, for a corrupt person, these laws and rearing exercises will appear painful. However, “for a decent person who lives with a view to what is beautiful is obedient to argument,” and the laws will seem normal (1180a 10). Therefore the laws will not appear harmful to them but only helpful on their way to true happiness and contemplation. This may seem harsh but history has shown that method works. Aristotle even mentions the Spartans as adhering to the practice of strict rearing and they were one of the most, if not the most, powerful city-states in Ancient Greece. I think that, if contemplation truly is the highest form of happiness, Aristotle is correct in saying these measures must be taken.